![]() The influence of the surrounding chromaticity (chromatic induction) on the centered area can be classified as assimilation and contrast depending on the direction of changes in the color appearance. Thus, various artists and designers precisely control chromaticity and shapes to produce visual effects. The spatial contexts can induce remarkable visual illusions. Human visual perception is influenced by spatial contexts such as chromatic surroundings, luminance, and size. Moreover, the findings of this study reveal that the dominant factor of the color shift is neural instead of optical. Due to blurring and chromatic aberrations, the simulated artifact was large for the darker center line and S-cone background, thus suggesting that the artifact could explain the luminance dependency of the induction along the S-cone chromaticity. Thus, the color appearance of the center line could be obtained by integrating broad chromatic information and fine luminance details. The optimal width of the center line for the L/M-cone was finer than the resolution-limit width of the chromatic contrast sensitivity and coarser than that of the luminance contrast sensitivity. There was a difference between the optimal widths of the center line and the contour for the shift in color appearance for the L/M-cone chromaticity (0.9 and 1.1–1.7 min, respectively) and the S-cone chromaticity (8.2–17.5 and 0.9–2.5 min, respectively). A strong color shift was observed when the center line was flanked by white contours with the L/M- and S-cone chromatic backgrounds. In this study, we examined the influence of the width of a center line and its flanking white contour on the color appearance when the line was surrounded by chromatic backgrounds. However, it has not been clarified whether the spatial extent of the chromatic surrounding induces a chromatic contrast or assimilation effects. Patterned backgrounds are known to induce strong chromatic induction effects. 3Electronics-Inspired Interdisciplinary Research Institute (EIIRIS), Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, JapanĬhromatic induction is a major contextual effect of color appearance.2Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan.These results suggest a visual syntactic organization as a new kind of object formation process useful for understanding the language of vision and the implications for art and biology. The results show that, under the conditions studied, shape and color are organized as juxtaposed and in sequential order with the shape becoming hierarchically the core reference for the color. Using this paradigm, it is assumed that the way children organize shape and color in their drawings and paintings is related to the way the visual system perceives their syntactic relation. Finally, we present new conditions and a new paradigm based on the drawings and paintings made spontaneously by children of different ages in a drawing/painting task. Moreover, we extract the main laws ruling their phenomenal logic and organization. More particularly, through new logical and phenomenal implications, we explore the complexity of the phenomenal coloration and the syntactic relation between shape and color. In this work we demonstrate that next to figure–ground segregation and perceptual grouping, as proposed by Gestalt psychologists, there is a further and more complex kind of organization related to the way object attributes like shape and color are organized to create a visual object.
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